In engineering practice, loading varies with time. However, the classical one-dimensional theory of consolidation assumes the stress increase is instantaneously applied. Many approaches to the problem of time-dependent loading have been proposed over the years, from approximate methods to full developments of differential equations. The paper presents a...

Residual loads can affect the load transfer and the settlement-induced in-service loadings, although they do not alter the bearing capacity. When residual loads are present and not measured or evaluated, the settlement estimate is greater than predicted if these loads are known. Residual loads can be measured when the pile instrumentation is nullified b...

In the design of piles partially embedded in rock, the main factors that influence the strength and deformability of the rock and the transmission of loads from pile to rock are of utmost relevance to pile behavior. Most empirical methods were developed based on data from specific regions. Differences in geological conditions, drilling methods and other...